Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux
Access exceptional care for pediatric vesicoureteral reflux at Montefiore Einstein Urology at the Children’s Hospital at Montefiore Einstein (CHAM). As a leader in Urology, we are an academic-based referral site for the most complex and high-risk cases. For more than a century, we have been at the forefront of innovation, research and clinical care for genitourinary (GU) conditions.
Montefiore Einstein continues to make advances in the diagnosis and treatment of GU conditions. Our multidisciplinary team of specialists is passionate about uncovering diagnostic approaches and treatments that can improve outcomes.
At Montefiore Einstein Urology, you can expect compassionate research-based treatment plans that meet the highest standards for quality and safety. We are committed to ensuring your child will receive the best patient- and family-centered care in a supportive and nurturing environment.
When you want only the best for your child, turn to our dedicated providers who will develop a highly personalized treatment plan.
Montefiore Einstein offers the following content from Healthwise’s health information library.
What Is Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux?
Pediatric vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) occurs when urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters and sometimes the kidneys. This can lead to kidney infections and, in severe cases, kidney damage. VUR is classified into primary and secondary types, depending on the cause, and is often detected during the evaluation of a UTI.
Causes of Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux
There are two types of VUR, each with different causes:
- Primary VUR: Caused by a congenital abnormality in the valve at the end of the ureter, which prevents proper urine flow.
- Secondary VUR: Results from bladder abnormalities, such as blockages or conditions affecting the nervous system, which impair the bladder’s ability to empty correctly.
Signs & Symptoms of Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux
Children with VUR may not experience any symptoms. The condition is often discovered during the evaluation of a urinary tract infection (UTI). Symptoms of a UTI include cloudy or foul-smelling urine, fever, frequent urination, and pain or burning during urination. Additional symptoms may include urinary incontinence, a persistent feeling of a full bladder, or abdominal discomfort.
Diagnosing Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux
Diagnosing VUR typically involves imaging and lab tests to assess the urinary tract. An abdominal ultrasound may be used to visualize the bladder, kidneys and ureters. Blood tests and urinalysis can detect infections or kidney function issues. A voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), an X-ray with a contrast dye, is often performed to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the severity of urine reflux. Our radiologists also have the expertise and capability of performing this test with a special contrast dye that can be visualized on ultrasound, in order to avoid any radiation on your child.
Treating Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux
Treatment for pediatric vesicoureteral reflux depends on the severity of the condition:
- Observation and medication: Mild cases often resolve without treatment by age 5. Preventive antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce the risk of recurrent UTIs.
- Endoscopic injection: A gel-like substance is injected at the end of the ureter to block urine from flowing backward.
- Ureteral implantation: Surgical correction of the connection between the ureter and bladder to restore normal urine flow.
- Bladder obstruction removal: Surgery to eliminate any blockages causing reflux.